Paper information
- Authors
-
- Edward Parker,
- John Tazare,
- Will Hulme,
- Christopher Bates,
- Edward Carr,
- Jonathan Cockburn,
- Helen Curtis,
- Louis Fisher,
- Millie Green,
- Sam Harper,
- Frank Hester,
- Elsie Horne,
- Fiona Loud,
- Susan Lyon,
- Viyaasan Mahalingasivam,
- Amir Mehrkar,
- Linda Nab,
- John Parry,
- Shalini Santhakumaran,
- Retha Steenkamp,
- Jonathan Sterne,
- Alex Walker,
- Elizabeth Williamson,
- Michelle Willicombe,
- Bang Zheng,
- Ben Goldacre,
- Dorothea Nitsch,
- Laurie Tomlinson
- Citation
- OpenSAFELY Collaborative, Parker EPK, Tazare J, Hulme WJ, Bates C, Carr EJ, Cockburn J, Curtis HJ, Fisher L, Green ACA, Harper S, Hester F, Horne EMF, Loud F, Lyon S, Mahalingasivam V, Mehrkar A, Nab L, Parry J, Santhakumaran S, Steenkamp R, Sterne JAC, Walker AJ, Williamson EJ, Willicombe M, Zheng B, Goldacre B, Nitsch D, Tomlinson LA (2023). Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake in people with kidney disease: an OpenSAFELY cohort study. BMJ Open 2023;13(1):e066164
- Categories
Abstract
Objective
To characterise factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine uptake among people with kidney disease in England.
Design
Retrospective cohort study using the OpenSAFELY-TPP platform, performed with the approval of NHS England.
Setting
Individual-level routine clinical data from 24 million people across GPs in England using TPP software. Primary care data were linked directly with COVID-19 vaccine records up to 31 August 2022 and with renal replacement therapy (RRT) status via the UK Renal Registry (UKRR).
Participants
A cohort of adults with stage 3-5 chronic kidney disease (CKD) or receiving RRT at the start of the COVID-19 vaccine roll-out was identified based on evidence of reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) or inclusion in the UKRR.
Main outcome measures
Dose-specific vaccine coverage over time was determined from 1 December 2020 to 31 August 2022. Individual-level factors associated with receipt of a 3-dose or 4-dose vaccine series were explored via Cox proportional hazards models.
Results
992 205 people with stage 3-5 CKD or receiving RRT were included. Cumulative vaccine coverage as of 31 August 2022 was 97.5%, 97.0% and 93.9% for doses 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and 81.9% for dose 4 among individuals with one or more indications for eligibility. Delayed 3-dose vaccine uptake was associated with younger age, minority ethnicity, social deprivation and severe mental illness-associations that were consistent across CKD severity subgroups, dialysis patients and kidney transplant recipients. Similar associations were observed for 4-dose uptake.
Conclusion
Although high primary vaccine and booster dose coverage has been achieved among people with kidney disease in England, key disparities in vaccine uptake remain across clinical and demographic groups and 4-dose coverage is suboptimal. Targeted interventions are needed to identify barriers to vaccine uptake among under-vaccinated subgroups identified in the present study.